Gout

Christopher Hobbs:

“Gout is an ailment characterized by uric acid build-up in joints, causing irritation, inflammation, and pain. This build-up stems from a defect in metabolism that results in an overproduction of uric acid, or a reduced ability of the kidney to eliminate uric acid. Gout can develop in people with diabetes, obesity, sickle cell anemia, and kidney disease, or it may follow drug therapy that interferes with uric acid excretion. Gout has also been linked to a diet high in red meat, nuts, and other protein-rich foods.”

Etiologic and Contributing Factors

1. High Purine Intake: Foods like red meat, seafood, and organ meats can elevate uric acid levels.
2. Alcohol Consumption: Especially beer and spirits, which interfere with uric acid excretion.
3. Obesity: Increased body weight is linked to higher uric acid levels.
4. Genetics: Family history of gout increases risk.
5. Medical Conditions: Hypertension, kidney disease, and metabolic syndrome are common contributors.
6. Medications: Diuretics, aspirin, and some chemotherapy drugs can raise uric acid levels.
7. Dehydration: Reduces the kidneys’ ability to excrete uric acid.

When to Seek Professional Help

Look for the following signs:

• Sudden, severe joint pain (often in the big toe but can occur in knees, ankles, or fingers).
• Redness, swelling, or warmth in a joint.
• Frequent attacks or worsening pain.
• Signs of infection, such as fever, alongside joint symptoms.
• Difficulty moving or using the affected joint.