Scarlet fever

Christopher Hobbs:

“Scarlet fever is a disease caused by an infection of streptococcal bacteria that occurs in a small percentage of people with strep throat. It is often highly contagious and can be spread through direct contact with infected persons or through droplets exhaled by an infected person. Symptoms include fever, aching muscles, weakness, and a scarlet rash that spreads from the groin and armpits to the neck, chest, back, and limbs. The disease can cause complications such as a kidney infection and is treated with antibiotics. It is best to consult a physician or other qualified health care practitioner for a complete program.”

Etiologic and Other Factors of Scarlet Fever

Scarlet fever is caused by a bacterial infection, specifically group A Streptococcus (GAS), the same bacteria that causes strep throat. The bacteria release toxins that lead to the characteristic red rash. Factors contributing to its occurrence include:

• Age: Most common in children aged 5–15.
• Close contact: Spread through respiratory droplets (e.g., coughing, sneezing).
• Weakened immune systems: Individuals with compromised immunity are more susceptible.

When to Seek Professional Help

Professional medical care should be sought if:

1. High fever (≥101°F / 38.3°C): Persistent or worsening fever.
2. Severe sore throat: Difficulty swallowing or breathing.
3. Widespread rash: Red, sandpaper-like rash, especially on the chest and neck.
4. Signs of complications: Swollen lymph nodes, earache, or dark urine (may indicate kidney involvement).
5. No improvement within 48 hours: After starting home remedies or antibiotics.

Untreated scarlet fever can lead to complications, such as rheumatic fever, kidney damage, or ear infections.