Prickly Ash
(Zanthoxylum americanum)
Also know as Toothache Tree
Botanical Information
A shrub or tree from the Citrus family with prickly branches and yellowish-green small flowers.
Working with Prickly Ash
Part(s) Used
Bark
Herb Forms
Tincture, bulk herb, powder.
Christopher Hobbs:
“Prickly ash stimulates the circulatory system and acts as a diaphoretic. It is used both internally and externally (the tincture applied or rubbed onto the spot) for toothache and rheumatism. Some herbalists recommend prickly ash for lack of appetite or dizziness.
In Chinese medicine, prickly ash fruits are recommended for removing pain in the digestive tract associated with internal coldness and parasites.
Prickly Ash has a taste of SPICY and a temperature of WARM.”
Historical Uses
Prickly ash, often referred to as the “toothache tree,” has been historically used by Native Americans and traditional medicine systems as a remedy for toothaches, sore throats, digestive issues, and as a general stimulant. The bark and berries were also applied to treat rheumatic conditions, poor circulation, and neuralgia.
Modern Clinical Uses
Herbalists and naturopaths use prickly ash primarily for:
- Supporting peripheral circulation, particularly for conditions like Raynaud’s disease or cold hands and feet.
- Managing digestive sluggishness, including bloating and cramping.
- Alleviating mild neuralgia or nerve pain.
- Stimulating lymphatic flow and addressing conditions of stagnation.
Chemistry
Prickly ash contains:
- Alkaloids: Berberine and related compounds with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Lignans: Antioxidants that may have chemoprotective effects.
- Volatile oils: Including limonene and other terpenes with digestive and circulatory benefits.
- Tannins: Astringent compounds contributing to wound healing and antimicrobial effects.
Pharmacology
Prickly ash acts as a mild circulatory stimulant, enhancing blood flow in peripheral tissues. Its alkaloid content contributes to its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial effects. Volatile oils support digestion by promoting bile flow and reducing bloating.
Clinical Trials
While anecdotal evidence supports many traditional and herbalist uses, clinical trials are limited. Preliminary studies indicate potential benefits for:
- Peripheral circulatory disorders.
- Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity.
- Possible analgesic effects in neuralgia.
However, more robust clinical trials are needed to confirm these effects and establish standardized guidelines.
Summary
Prickly ash has a long history of use as a circulatory stimulant, digestive aid, and nerve pain reliever. Its phytochemical profile suggests significant pharmacological potential, but modern clinical data is sparse. It remains a useful herb in traditional and complementary medicine with good safety margins when used appropriately.
Generated by ChatGPT; edited by Christopher Hobbs
Cautions
Generally considered safe when used in moderate doses.
Pregnancy and Lactation: Not recommended due to potential uterine stimulant effects.
Side Effects: Excessive use can cause gastrointestinal irritation or mild nervous system stimulation.
Contraindications: Not suitable for individuals with severe gastric or duodenal ulcers.
Do not use when there are internal heat signs associated with adrenal weakness and fatigue.
Conditions treated with Prickly Ash
Condition
Treatment Support
Application
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Condition
Treatment Support
circulatory stimulant
Application
tea, tincture, capsule
Dosages
Tincture
1–2 ml, 2–3 times daily
Decoction
1 cup up to 3 times daily
Capsules
300–500 mg of dried bark 1–2 times daily
The information given here is designed to help you make informed choices about your health. The information is drawn from numerous sources—both traditional medicine practice, from the clinical experience of many herbalists currently practicing, and supported by decades of scientific research from the author. The research most consulted includes human clinical trials that help to determine the most effective and safe herbs for various needs, the best doses, and types of preparations.
The information offered in this database is not intended as a substitute for any that may have been prescribed by your health practitioner or physician.