Search the Herbal Therapeutics Database

Thyme

(Thymus vulgaris)

Botanical Information

A low-growing, aromatic mint family member with short spikes of small white-to ruby red flowers that forms dense mats.

Working with Thyme

Part(s) Used

Herb

Herb Forms

Essential oil, bulk herb

Christopher Hobbs:

“Thyme tea is a classic healing drink in European culture known as the medicine of choice for upper respiratory tract infections including colds, flu, bronchitis, and strep throat. Try drinking 1 or 2 cups of the tea to ward off an infection. Thyme is also recommended for improving digestion, coughs, and mucus congestion, and it is used externally as an antimicrobial wash. It is also commonly used in cough syrups. Because of its antiseptic effect, thyme is sometimes used for sore throats from a cold or flu and urinary infections. Thymol, a powerful antibacterial constituent found in thyme, is often used in mouthwashes, liniments, and lozenges.

Thyme has a taste of BITTER, AROMATIC and a temperature of WARM.”

Historical Uses

Thyme, native to the Mediterranean, has long been valued for its culinary and medicinal properties. Ancient Egyptians used it for embalming, while Greeks and Romans employed it for respiratory issues, digestive support, and as an antiseptic. In Medieval Europe, thyme symbolized courage and was used to ward off infections.

Modern Clinical Uses

Herbalists and naturopaths often use thyme for its antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. It’s commonly applied to treat:

  • Respiratory conditions (e.g., bronchitis, coughs, asthma)
  • Digestive complaints (e.g., bloating, gas)
  • Skin infections or wounds (topical applications)
  • Oral health (e.g., gargles for sore throat or gum disease)

Chemistry

Thyme contains active compounds like thymol, carvacrol, and rosmarinic acid, which are responsible for its therapeutic effects. Other constituents include flavonoids, terpenes, and essential oils with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

Pharmacology

  • Thymol: A potent antimicrobial and antifungal agent, widely studied for its ability to disrupt microbial membranes.
  • Carvacrol: Exhibits antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Rosmarinic Acid: Acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound.
  • Thyme oil has shown bronchodilatory and spasmolytic effects, beneficial for respiratory issues.

 

Clinical Trials

  1. Respiratory Benefits: Studies indicate thyme extract may reduce cough frequency and improve symptoms of bronchitis, especially when combined with ivy leaf extract.
  2. Antimicrobial Effects: Clinical research confirms thyme’s efficacy against bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus) and fungi (e.g., Candida albicans).
  3. Anti-inflammatory Properties: Trials suggest potential benefits in managing inflammatory conditions, although more human studies are needed.
  4. Oral Health: Thyme-containing mouthwashes have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing dental plaque and gingivitis.

Summary

Thyme is a versatile herb with a rich history of use in traditional medicine. Modern research supports its antimicrobial, respiratory, and anti-inflammatory applications. While safe in moderate doses, care should be taken with concentrated thyme oil. Emerging clinical trials offer promise but underscore the need for further research.

Generated by ChatGPT; edited by Christopher Hobbs

 

Cautions

Thyme is generally considered safe when used appropriately. However: High doses of thyme oil can cause gastrointestinal upset, headaches, or allergic reactions. Pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and individuals with thyme allergies or bleeding disorders should exercise caution. Thyme oil is potent and should be diluted before topical application to avoid skin irritation. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations. There are no concerns for thyme tea or preparations, except for the volatile oil, which is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. When using the oil, always dilute it in an equal amount of olive or almond oil. The tea is safe to drink during pregnancy.

Conditions treated with Thyme

Condition

Treatment Support

Application

Loading...

Condition

Treatment Support

expectorant

Application

tea, syrup, essential oil

Condition

Treatment Support

antispasmodic

Application

tea, tincture

Dosages

Infusion

1 cup (steeped 10 minutes) 1-3 times daily

Tincture

2–4 ml up to 3 times daily

Oil

(External Use): Diluted to 1–2% in a carrier oil

The information given here is designed to help you make informed choices about your health. The information is drawn from numerous sources—both traditional medicine practice, from the clinical experience of many herbalists currently practicing, and supported by decades of scientific research from the author. The research most consulted includes human clinical trials that help to determine the most effective and safe herbs for various needs, the best doses, and types of preparations.

The information offered in this database is not intended as a substitute for any that may have been prescribed by your health practitioner or physician.

Shopping Cart
Scroll to Top
Living Well in the Age of Anxiety
New workshop series!

This transformative 3-part webinar workshop is designed to equip you with the knowledge, tools, and insights needed to understand and conquer anxiety in today’s fast-paced world.

Learn More