Historical Uses
Iceland moss, a lichen rather than a true moss, has been used in Nordic and European traditional medicine for centuries, primarily as a remedy for respiratory and digestive issues. Traditionally, it was consumed as a decoction or as a powder, valued for its demulcent (soothing) and nourishing properties. During food shortages, Icelandic people even used it as a food source, grinding it into flour for baking.
Modern Clinical Uses (Herbalists and Naturopaths)
Today, herbalists and naturopaths use Iceland moss to soothe irritated mucous membranes in conditions such as dry coughs, bronchitis, asthma, and sore throats. Its mucilaginous properties also make it useful in treating gastrointestinal issues like gastritis and indigestion. Some practitioners apply it to promote appetite and alleviate mild malnutrition or convalescence due to its high polysaccharide content.
Chemistry
Iceland moss contains a variety of bioactive compounds, primarily polysaccharides (such as lichenin and isolichenin), along with bitter lichen acids, including fumaric acid and cetraric acid. Its polysaccharides are believed to give Iceland moss its demulcent and immunomodulatory effects, while lichen acids contribute to its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.
Pharmacology
The mucilaginous polysaccharides in Iceland moss are thought to form a protective layer on mucosal surfaces, reducing irritation and potentially aiding healing. The antimicrobial action of lichen acids may further prevent infection. Additionally, studies indicate that polysaccharides may have mild immune-stimulating effects, which could support the immune response in respiratory conditions.
Clinical Trials and Research
Research on Iceland moss in clinical settings is limited, with most studies focusing on its bioactive compounds in vitro rather than human trials. Existing studies support its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties but lack strong evidence from clinical trials. Nonetheless, Iceland moss is widely used in European herbal medicine as an effective traditional remedy.
Final Summary
Iceland moss is an ancient remedy valued for its soothing effects on the respiratory and digestive systems. Though modern clinical trials are limited, traditional use, bioactive compounds, and pharmacological data support its use for mucous membrane irritation and mild immune support.
Generated by ChatGPT; edited by Christopher Hobbs
