Lactation, insufficient

Christopher Hobbs:

“When the supply of breast milk for a nursing baby is inadequate, compounds called galactagogues, which stimulate the flow of milk, are used to increase the flow of milk. Insufficient lactation can be due to protein deficiency, anemia, or stress and tension.”

Etiologic and Contributing Factors for Insufficient Lactation:

1. Maternal Factors:
   • Hormonal imbalances (e.g., thyroid dysfunction, PCOS, diabetes).
   • Breast surgeries, trauma, or insufficient glandular tissue.
   • Postpartum hemorrhage or retained placenta affecting milk production hormones.
   • Stress, fatigue, or poor nutrition.
2. Infant Factors:
   • Poor latch or ineffective sucking.
   • Tongue-tie or other oral anomalies.
   • Prematurity or health conditions affecting feeding ability.
3. External Factors:
   • Early supplementation with formula, reducing breastfeeding stimulation.
   • Use of pacifiers or infrequent breastfeeding/pumping.
   • Lack of support or misinformation about breastfeeding practices.

When to Seek Professional Help:

• Baby shows signs of poor weight gain, dehydration (e.g., fewer wet diapers, dark urine).
• Persistent pain during breastfeeding, cracked or bleeding nipples.
• Baby seems unsatisfied or frustrated after feeding despite frequent nursing.
• Mother experiences unresolved breast issues (e.g., engorgement, blocked ducts, mastitis).
• Mother feels overwhelmed, anxious, or unsupported.